![]() There are subgroups of geologists as well, such as stratigraphers, who study stratified rock, and mineralogists, who study the structure and composition of minerals. They investigate how rocks were formed and what has happened to them since their formation. Geologists study the materials, processes, and history of the Earth. They also may work to solve problems associated with natural threats, such as flooding and erosion. The following are examples of types of geoscientists:Įnvironmental geologists study how consequences of human activity, such as pollution and waste management, affect the quality of the Earth’s air, soil, and water. However, some choose to specialize in a particular aspect of the Earth. Geoscientists may supervise the work of technicians and coordinate work with other scientists, both in the field and in the lab.Īs geological challenges increase, geoscientists may opt to work as generalists. They also may use remote sensing equipment to collect data, as well as geographic information systems (GIS) and modeling software to analyze the data collected. In laboratories, they may use x-rays and electron microscopes to determine the chemical and physical composition of rock samples. In the field, they may use a hammer and chisel to collect rock samples or ground-penetrating radar equipment to search for minerals. Geoscientists use a variety of tools in their work. They also research changes in its resources to provide guidance in meeting human demands, such as for water, and to predict geological risks and hazards. By analyzing rocks, fossils, and other clues, geoscientists are able to create timelines of events in the Earth’s geologic history. Geoscientists study the Earth’s composition, or layers its structure, which focuses on the properties of rocks and its processes, such as erosion and volcanic activity.
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